19th Special Forces Group Beret Flash . 4.6 4.6 out of 5 stars 5 ratings. $3.00 $ 3. 00. FREE Returns . Return this item for free. You can return this item for any reason: no shipping charges. The item must be returned in new and unused condition. Read the full returns policy ; Special Forces Berlin by James Stejskal https://amzn.to/3RKQYXt : 19th Special Forces Group : Home > Groups > 19th SFGA . Websites on History of 19th SFGA. 861st Engineer Company. Unit Location: 2841 S County Trail. East Greenwich, RI 02818.California Military Department's Charlie Company, 1st Battalion, 19th Special Forces Group free-fall via parachute during training at Camp Roberts, Calif., Nov. 2-5, 2023. Charlie Company, 1st ...March 6, 2021 ·. Today, Lt. Col. Samuel P. Oliver took command of the 2nd Battalion, 19th Special Forces Group (Airborne) from Lt. Col. Christopher J. Brown in a change of command ceremony in Kenova, W.Va. Brig. Gen. Murray "Gene" Holt addressed those gathered, as well as those joining the ceremony virtually, thanking Brown for his dedicated ...The 19th Special Forces Group is an Airborne group. This unit is in Utah, but there are Battalions in several states that fall under the 19th Special Forces Group. The mission of this National Guard Special Forces unit is to train forces to fight in all areas of warfare and to help with threats all over the world.A U.S. Army National Guard Soldier assigned to the 19th Special Forces Group (Airborne) carries his rifle during a Special Forces Advanced Urban Combat course near Camp Williams, Utah, on Nov. 12 ...19th Special Forces Group, Airborne. · November 5, 2020 ·. New opportunities for those who would like to join an airborne unit. Beginning in the fall of 2021, the 1528th Forward Support Company Special Operations (Airborne) will be based out of West Virginia.Dec 22, 2020 · Special Forces candidates stand for a photo at an Ohio Special Forces Preparatory Detachment assessment drill, essentially a tryout. In preparing individuals for selection, “we want you lean, trim, cut and ready to roll,” said Sgt. 1st Class Philip A. Taraska, the Ohio Special Forces 19th Group SFPD noncommissioned officer in charge. 19th Special Forces Group-Airborne, Los Alamitos, California. 223 likes · 45 talking about this. The official page of California’s 19th Special Forces Group Training Team. DM to learn more 19th SPECIAL FORCES GROUP (AIRBORNE) Store 1 Core Men's SS Performance Tee - NjkTd9. $34.99 USD. GET 10% OFF! Thousands of teams order hand sewn, custom gear with Emblem including: 100% Satisfaction Guaranteed! The production cycle ends on Sunday at midnight - after this the clock will reset.02.24.2023 | Photo by Spc. Christopher Hall. U.S. Army Paratroopers assigned to the 19th Special Forces Group (Airborne), Utah Army National Guard, …19th Special Forces Group (Airborne) 65th Field Artillery Brigade 97th Aviation Troop Command. 1st Battalion, 211th Aviation Regiment 2nd Battalion, 211th Aviation Regiment 97th Troop Command. 85th Weapons of Mass Destruction- … A Special Forces soldier with the 2nd Battalion, 19th Special Forces Group, provides security during a patrol exercise. Special Forces soldiers maintain the full range of basic infantry skills such as patrolling. The 19th Special Forces Group is an Army National Guard unit. The “Try One” contract was created for prior service members who intend to enlist for the purpose of attending SFAS. With this contract, you are authorized to enlist for one year, regardless of your military service obligation. You will enlist directly into the 19th’s Special Warfare Training Detachment (SWTD).Nov 18, 2023 · U.S. Army Paratroopers assigned to the 19th Special Forces Group (Airborne), Utah Army National Guard, exit a C-130 from the 165th Airlift Wing,... Snowy Day on the Range 01.20.2023 | Photo by Spc. U.S. Army Soldiers assigned to the 19th Special Forces Group (Airborne), Utah Army National Guard, and Soldiers from the Royal Moroccan Army train together in a Combined Joint Special Operations Task Force operations center as part of exercise African Lion 2022. AL22 is U.S. Africa Command's largest, premier, joint, combined annual exercise ...Aug 22, 2022 · The 19th SFG (A) is headquartered in Utah, with elements in California, Washington, Rhode Island, West Virginia, Ohio, Montana, Colorado, and Texas. The 19th SFG (A) sends Soldiers to all corners of the world for training and deployments, directly impacting the safety and security of the nation. 19th Special Forces Group (Airborne) 65th Field Artillery Brigade 97th Aviation Troop Command. 1st Battalion, 211th Aviation Regiment 2nd Battalion, 211th Aviation Regiment 97th Troop Command. 85th Weapons of Mass Destruction--Civil Support Team 23rd Army BandLearn about the history, organization, and campaign participation of the 19th Special Forces Group, a component of the 1st Special Forces Regiment that was constituted in 1942 and …The regular Special Forces groups (Active Duty) are: 1st Special Forces Group (Airborne) AOR - Indo-Pacific Based on Fort Lewis, Washington and Okinawa. 3rd Special Forces Group (Airborne) AOR - Africa, Middle East Based in Fort Bragg, NC. 5th Special Forces Group AOR - Middle East, Persian Gulf, Southwest Asia Based in Fort Campbell, KY.19th Special Forces Group, Airborne, Bluffdale, Utah. 10,064 likes · 45 talking about this · 2 were here. Welcome to the official page for 19th Special Forces Group (Airborne), Utah Army National...19th Special Forces Group (Airborne) 65th Field Artillery Brigade 97th Aviation Troop Command. 1st Battalion, 211th Aviation Regiment 2nd Battalion, 211th Aviation Regiment 97th Troop Command. 85th Weapons of Mass Destruction--Civil Support Team 23rd Army BandThe 19th Special Forces Group (Airborne) is a multifaceted unit with primary responsibilities in the Southeast Asia area of operation. The Group's Headquarters and Headquarters Company and Support ...19th Special Forces Group (Airborne) 65th Field Artillery Brigade 97th Aviation Troop Command. 1st Battalion, 211th Aviation Regiment 2nd Battalion, 211th Aviation Regiment 97th Troop Command. 85th Weapons of Mass Destruction--Civil Support Team 23rd Army BandThe 19th Special Forces Group was originally constituted in the Army of the United States on 5 July 1942 as the 1st Company, 1st Battalion, 3rd Regiment, 1st Special Force. Activated on 9 July 1942, the Company would take part in six campaigns in the European-African-Middle Eastern Theater, earning an Arrowhead device for taking part in an ...The 19th Special Forces Group (Airborne) is a multifaceted unit with primary responsibilities in the Southeast Asia area of operation. The Group's Headquarters and …Special Forces Green Berets deploy and execute nine doctrinal missions: unconventional warfare, foreign internal defense, direct action, counter-insurgency, special … The 19th Special Forces Group (Airborne) said farewell to two of senior leaders and welcomed two new leaders during a change-of-responsibility and change-of-command ceremony at Camp Williams, Utah, Sept. 14, 2019. The ceremony began with Command Sgt. Maj., Your source for Utah National Guard news and media Operators from 19th Special Forces Group (Airborne) conduct the Special Forces Advanced Urban Combat Course (SFAUCC), March 9, 2023, at Camp Williams, Utah. SFAUCC training includes stress shoot and room clearing drills, preparing the soldiers for advanced urban combat scenarios. (U.S. Army Video by Spc Jacob Jesperson).Dec 13, 2023 · Charlie Company, 1st Battalion, 19th Special Forces Group operates within the California Military Department’s Army National Guard as a small tight-knit team of highly trained and qualified ... The 19th Special Forces Group (Airborne) held a retirement ceremony for Command Sgt. Maj. Jason Legler, June 23, at the Aaron Butler Readiness Center, Camp Williams, Utah. Legler enlisted in December...The 19th Special Forces Group (Airborne) is a multifaceted unit with primary responsibilities in the Southeast Asia area of operation. The Group's Headquarters and Headquarters Company and Support ... Building and maintaining the most complete and sophisticated reference on the World Wide Web for the U.S., German and Netherlands Armed Forces: 1985 - Present 2nd Battalion, 19th Special Forces Group | CurrentOps.com The 19th Special Forces Group (Airborne) said farewell to two of senior leaders and welcomed two new leaders during a change-of-responsibility and change-of-command ceremony at Camp Williams, Utah, Sept. 14, 2019. The ceremony began with Command Sgt. Maj., Your source for Utah National Guard news and media19th Special Forces Group (Airborne) 65th Field Artillery Brigade 97th Aviation Troop Command. 1st Battalion, 211th Aviation Regiment 2nd Battalion, 211th Aviation Regiment 97th Troop Command. 85th Weapons of Mass Destruction--Civil Support Team 23rd Army Band Building and maintaining the most complete and sophisticated reference on the World Wide Web for the U.S., German and Netherlands Armed Forces: 1985 - Present 2nd Battalion, 19th Special Forces Group | CurrentOps.com 19th Special Forces Group (Airborne) One of two National Guard Special Forces Groups. Headquartered in Draper, Utah, with companies in Washington, West Virginia, Ohio, Rhode Island, Colorado, California, and Texas, the 19th SFG(A) is oriented towards Southwest Asia (shared with 5th SFG(A)), Europe (shared with 10th SFG(A)), as well as Southeast ... This is not an official US Government/19th Special Forces Group website. It is operated by a 79T Army National Guard Recruiter with over a 10 years experience in SF recruiting. This website is for information purposes only and to connect you with a recruiter to answer question and provide you with specific, detailed, and relevant information.National Guard Special Forces consists of 19th and 20th Special Forces Groups, with detachments in Washington, W. Virginia, Ohio, Colorado, California, Texas, N. Carolina, Pennsylvania, Indiana, Massachusetts and Kentucky. Groups consist of 18-Series (Special Forces MOS) and various support personnel from a wide range of MOSs.You must be financially stable for travel while keeping in mind that being a part of the 19th Special Forces Group is 100% voluntary. When funding is available, Soldier’s who are 35 Series (intelligence) and 18 Series (Special Forces) qualified can be reimbursed up to $500 each month to help offset travel costs.Mar 15, 2022 · A U.S. Army National Guard Soldier assigned to the 19th Special Forces Group (Airborne) carries his rifle during a Special Forces Advanced Urban Combat course near Camp Williams, Utah, on Nov. 12 ... A POPULAR MOSCOW concert hall turned into a hellish crime scene on the evening of March 22nd when a group of masked gunmen armed with automatic rifles …The 19th Special Forces Group (Airborne) (19th SFG) (A) is one of two National Guard groups of the United States Army Special Forces. 19th Group—as it is sometimes called—is designed to deploy and execute nine doctrinal missions: unconventional warfare, foreign internal defense, direct action, counter-insurgency, special reconnaissance ...The 19th Special Forces Group (Airborne) (19th SFG) (A) is one of two National Guard groups of the United States Army Special Forces. 19th Group—as it is sometimes called—is designed to deploy and execute nine doctrinal missions: unconventional warfare, foreign internal defense, direct action, counter-insurgency, special reconnaissance ...Mar 20, 2018 · Several of these soldiers from Bravo Company, 1st Battalion, 19th Special Forces Group teams returned home wounded, and one — Staff Sgt. Aaron Butler — was killed in combat. SKU: Coin-P-93. 19th Group Special Forces Challenge Coin. 1.53". What is a challenge coin? Challenge coins were originally used by Special Forces to recognize soldiers for outstanding acts, team training, unit …Jul 22, 2020 · The West Virginia Guardsmen are Special Forces Soldiers assigned to Bravo Company, 2nd Battalion of the 19th Special Forces Group. The jump was a training requirement so they could maintain their ... Special Forces. This is not an official US Government/19th Special Forces Group website. It is operated by a 79T Army National Guard Recruiter with over a 10 years experience in SF recruiting. This website is for information purposes only and to connect you with a recruiter to answer question and provide you with specific, detailed, and ...Nineteen Special Forces soldiers with the Utah National Guard were awarded on Sunday for their acts of valor during their 2017 deployments to Afghanistan. …About: The 19th Special Forces Group (Airborne) is headquartered at Camp Williams, Utah, with elements in California, Washington, Rhode Island, West Virginia, Ohio, Montana, Colorado, and Texas. The 19th Group sends Soldiers to all corners of the world for training and deployments, directly impacting the safety and security of our nation. A Special Forces soldier with the 2nd Battalion, 19th Special Forces Group, provides security during a patrol exercise. Special Forces soldiers maintain the full range of basic infantry skills such as patrolling. The 19th Special Forces Group is an Army National Guard unit. U.S. Army Soldiers assigned to the 19th Special Forces Group (Airborne), Utah Army National Guard, and Soldiers from the Royal Moroccan Army train together in a Combined Joint Special Operations Task Force operations center as part of exercise African Lion 2022. AL22 is U.S. Africa Command's largest, premier, joint, combined annual exercise ...19th Special Forces Group (Airborne) is headquartered at Camp Williams, Utah with detachments in Washington, California, Colorado, Texas, Ohio, Rhode Island, and West Virgina. Detachments include Headquarter Headquarters Company, Group Special Troops Company, Group Support Battalion and the 18-series (Green Berets) units which include … Subordinate units. 1st Battalion, 19th Special Forces Group ( UT ARNG) Camp W.G. Williams | Riverton, Utah, United States. Headquarters and Headquarters Detachment. Detachment 1 ( WA ARNG) Company A ( WA ARNG) Buckley Armory | Buckley, Washington. Detachment 1. Charlie Company, 1st Battalion, 19th Special Forces Group operates within the California Military Department’s Army National Guard as a small tight-knit team of highly trained and qualified ...Building and maintaining the most complete and sophisticated reference on the World Wide Web for the U.S., German and Netherlands Armed Forces: 1985 - Present Company C, 2nd Battalion, 19th Special Forces Group | CurrentOps.com The 19th Special Forces Group (Airborne) (19th SFG) (A) is one of two National Guard groups of the United States Army Special Forces. 19th Group—as it is sometimes called—is designed to deploy and execute nine doctrinal missions: unconventional warfare, foreign internal defense, direct action, counter-insurgency, special reconnaissance ... 19th Special Forces Group (Airborne) 65th Field Artillery Brigade 97th Aviation Troop Command. 1st Battalion, 211th Aviation Regiment 2nd Battalion, 211th Aviation Regiment 97th Troop Command. 85th Weapons of Mass Destruction--Civil Support Team 23rd Army Band19th Special Forces Group (Airborne) 65th Field Artillery Brigade 97th Aviation Troop Command. 1st Battalion, 211th Aviation Regiment 2nd Battalion, 211th Aviation Regiment 97th Troop Command. 85th Weapons of Mass Destruction- …National Guard Special Forces consists of 19th and 20th Special Forces Groups, with detachments in Washington, W. Virginia, Ohio, Colorado, California, Texas, N. Carolina, Pennsylvania, Indiana, Massachusetts and Kentucky. Groups consist of 18-Series (Special Forces MOS) and various support personnel from a wide range of MOSs.Nov 18, 2023 · U.S. Army Paratroopers assigned to the 19th Special Forces Group (Airborne), Utah Army National Guard, exit a C-130 from the 165th Airlift Wing,... Snowy Day on the Range 01.20.2023 | Photo by Spc. In 2021, the Army scaled back its recruiting goals, seeking to bring in 1,250 new Green Berets. It exceeded its goals that year with 1,358 new Special Forces contracts, but dropped again with 779 ...The 19th Special Forces Group (Airborne) held a change of command ceremony on August 20, 2022, at the Group headquarters, Camp Williams, Utah. The outgoing commander, Col. Paul Peters, relinquished...The 19th Special Forces Group was originally constituted in the Army of the United States on 5 July 1942 as the 1st Company, 1st Battalion, 3rd Regiment, 1st Special Force. Activated on 9 July 1942, the Company would take part in six campaigns in the European-African-Middle Eastern Theater, earning an Arrowhead device for taking part in an ...Mar 15, 2022 · A U.S. Army National Guard Soldier assigned to the 19th Special Forces Group (Airborne) carries his rifle during a Special Forces Advanced Urban Combat course near Camp Williams, Utah, on Nov. 12 ... The 19th Special Forces Group was originally constituted in the Army of the United States on 5 July 1942 as the 1st Company, 1st Battalion, 3rd Regiment, 1st Special Force. Activated on 9 July 1942, the Company would take part in six campaigns in the European-African-Middle Eastern Theater, earning an Arrowhead device for taking part in an ...The 19th Special Forces Group is an Airborne group. This unit is in Utah, but there are Battalions in several states that fall under the 19th Special Forces Group. The mission of this National Guard Special Forces unit is to train forces to fight in all areas of warfare and to help with threats all over the world. The 19th Group sends Soldiers to all corners of the world for training and deployments, directly impacting the safety and security of our nation. THE MISSION: 19th SFG(A) mans, trains, equips and deploys Special Operations Forces (SOF) to conduct Special Warfare globally as directed by U.S. Special Operations Command (USSOCOM). Join or Log Into Facebook Email or phone. PasswordSpecial Forces. The National Guard has two Special Forces Groups, 19th and 20th Group. The Green Berets of the 19th and 20th Groups are real-deal SF and go through the same pipeline as Active Duty 18X candidates and often deploy at the same frequency as Active Duty 18X soldiers, be it with their organic ODA or as an individual augmentee of one of the Active Duty ODAs.U.S. Army 19th Special Forces Group Oval Patch. $ 9.50. l View fullsize image. j Email us about this product. SKU: 84192 U.S. Army 19th Special Forces Group Oval Patch. $ 9.50. Quantity. Add to Cart Tweet. Description U.S. Army 19th Special Forces Group Oval Patch. v. About USAMM. 1-877-653-9577; Military Medals;Language links are at the top of the page across from the title.In 2021, the Army scaled back its recruiting goals, seeking to bring in 1,250 new Green Berets. It exceeded its goals that year with 1,358 new Special Forces contracts, but dropped again with 779 ...The 19th Special Forces Group was originally constituted in the Army of the United States on 5 July 1942 as the 1st Company, 1st Battalion, 3rd Regiment, 1st Special Force. Activated on 9 July 1942, the Company would take part in six campaigns in the European-African-Middle Eastern Theater, earning an Arrowhead device for taking part in an ...19th Special Forces Group (Airborne) 65th Field Artillery Brigade 97th Aviation Troop Command. 1st Battalion, 211th Aviation Regiment 2nd Battalion, 211th Aviation Regiment 97th Troop Command. 85th Weapons of Mass Destruction--Civil Support Team 23rd Army Band 19th Special Forces Group-Airborne, Los Alamitos, California. 223 likes · 45 talking about this. The official page of California’s 19th Special Forces Group Training Team. DM to learn more A U.S. Army Soldier assigned to the 19th Special Forces Group (Airborne), Utah Army National Guard, counts the number of static lines after his jumpers, known as a stick, successfully jumped out ...Colorado Army National Guard Special Forces Recruiting. Text "Join Special Forces" to (720) 527-2846. Request Application & Consultation: SF Recruiting Info & Application Request Email. Florida. 3rd Battalion Headquarters, 20th SFG (A) Camp Blanding, Starke, Florida. Company A, 3rd Battalion, 20th SFG (A) Ocala, Florida.Join or Log Into Facebook Email or phone. Password The 19th Special Forces Group (Airborne) is a multifaceted unit with primary responsibilities in the Southeast Asia area of operation. The Group's Headquarters and Headquarters Company and Support ...
19th Special Forces Group (Airborne) 65th Field Artillery Brigade 97th Aviation Troop Command. 1st Battalion, 211th Aviation Regiment 2nd Battalion, 211th Aviation Regiment 97th Troop Command. 85th Weapons of Mass Destruction- …. American beech greenport
19th Special Forces Group (Airborne) 65th Field Artillery Brigade 97th Aviation Troop Command. 1st Battalion, 211th Aviation Regiment 2nd Battalion, 211th Aviation Regiment 97th Troop Command. 85th Weapons of Mass Destruction--Civil Support Team 23rd Army Band The 19th Special Forces Group (Airborne) (19th SFG) (A) is one of two National Guard groups of the United States Army Special Forces. 19th Group—as it is sometimes called—is designed to deploy and execute nine doctrinal missions: unconventional warfare, foreign internal defense, direct action, counter-insurgency, special reconnaissance, counter-terrorism, information operations ... 19th Special Forces Group (Airborne) One of two National Guard Special Forces Groups. Headquartered in Draper, Utah, with companies in Washington, West Virginia, Ohio, Rhode Island, Colorado, California, and Texas, the 19th SFG(A) is oriented towards Southwest Asia (shared with 5th SFG(A)), Europe (shared with 10th SFG(A)), as well as Southeast ... Websites on History of 19th SFGA. 2/19 SFG(A) Unit History http://sfachapter68.org/?q=node/4. Birth of the 19th SFG …The “Try One” contract was created for prior service members who intend to enlist for the purpose of attending SFAS. With this contract, you are authorized to enlist for one year, regardless of your military service obligation. You will enlist directly into the 19th’s Special Warfare Training Detachment (SWTD).SFAUCC stands for Special Forces Advanced Urban Combat Course. It is a specialized training program designed to provide advanced training to U.S. Army Specia...Nineteen Special Forces soldiers with the Utah National Guard were awarded on Sunday for their acts of valor during their 2017 deployments to Afghanistan. … 19th Special Forces Group Cutout Coin. This is the 3rd Gen in our 19th Group Coin Series. This coin is 2" with 3D imaging on the front and rear of the coin. Front side has 19th Group Flash with 3D SF Crest Logo. Reverse has a 19th XIX and SF Crossed Arrows with text: Anything, Anyplace, Anytime on top edge "CA, OH, TX, WA, MT, WV, UT, RI and CO" around the bottom. Coin is highly polished ... Dec 24, 2009 · FORT SAM HOUSTON, Texas -- While most people might spend a weekend mowing their lawns, the Green Berets of Charlie Company, 5th Battalion, 19th Special Forces Group (Airborne); a reserve National ... California Military Department's Charlie Company, 1st Battalion, 19th Special Forces Group free-fall via parachute during training at Camp Roberts, Calif., Nov. 2-5, 2023. Charlie Company, 1st ... B/2/19 SFG (A) mans, trains, equips and deploys Special Operations Forces (SOF) to conduct Special Warfare globally as directed by U.S. Special Operations Command (USSOCOM). On order, each B/2/19 SFG (A) element responds to foreign and homeland threats, disasters, or other assigned domestic missions. B/2/19 SFG (A) Ohio has created a Special ... SKU: Coin-P-93. 19th Group Special Forces Challenge Coin. 1.53". What is a challenge coin? Challenge coins were originally used by Special Forces to recognize soldiers for outstanding acts, team training, unit …The 19th Special Forces Group (Airborne) held a retirement ceremony for Command Sgt. Maj. Jason Legler, June 23, at the Aaron Butler Readiness Center, Camp Williams, Utah. Legler enlisted in December... A Special Forces soldier with the 2nd Battalion, 19th Special Forces Group, provides security during a patrol exercise. Special Forces soldiers maintain the full range of basic infantry skills such as patrolling. The 19th Special Forces Group is an Army National Guard unit. Dec 13, 2023 · Charlie Company, 1st Battalion, 19th Special Forces Group operates within the California Military Department’s Army National Guard as a small tight-knit team of highly trained and qualified ... The 19th Special Forces Group is an Airborne group. This unit is in Utah, but there are Battalions in several states that fall under the 19th Special Forces Group. The mission of this National Guard Special Forces unit is to train forces to fight in all areas of warfare and to help with threats all over the world. The 19th Special Forces Group (Airborne) (19th SFG) (A) is one of two National Guard groups of the United States Army Special Forces. 19th Group—as it is sometimes called—is designed to deploy and execute nine doctrinal missions: unconventional warfare, foreign internal defense, direct action, counter-insurgency, special reconnaissance ... 19th Special Forces Group, Airborne 1st Special Forces Command - Airborne . 5th Battalion, 19th Special Forces Group (Airborne) hosts “5/19 Day”; a day to shift focus away from military tasks and training to appreciate and celebrate what the unit has been and what it is today. Building and maintaining the most complete and sophisticated reference on the World Wide Web for the U.S., German and Netherlands Armed Forces: 1985 - Present Company A, 1st Battalion, 19th Special Forces Group | CurrentOps.com Find A Company, 2nd Battalion, 19th Special Forces Group unit information, patches, operation history, veteran photos and more on TogetherWeServed.com. TWS is the largest online community of Veterans existing today and is a powerful Veteran locator. If you served in A Company, 2nd Battalion, 19th Special Forces Group, Join TWS for free to … The 19th Special Forces Group is one of two National Guard groups of the United States Army Special Forces. Headquartered in Draper, Utah, with detachments in Washington, West Virginia, Ohio, Rhode Island, Colorado, California and Texas, the 19th SFG shares responsibility over Southwest Asia with the 5th Special Forces Group, and the Pacific with the 1st Special Forces Group. Activated on 1 ... .